Health 
Herbs & Drugs That
Don't Mix
Before you pop another pill, read this guide to the potentially dangerous interactions between herbal remedies and traditional medications.
It Could Save Your Life!
Echinacea - This herb has antibacterial and antiviral properties.  It is used to treat colds and flu, fight infection and boost the immune system.
Drug Interactions - Do not take echinacea with antifungals such as Nizoril, since both echinacea and Nizoril have properties that could injure the liver.

Also don't take echinacea with immune-suppressing drugs, such as cyclosporine, since the herb and drug perform opposite functions.

Patients with autoimmune conditions like lupus, or conditions such as tuberculosis, multiple sclerosis and AIDS, should avoid echinacea.

Ginkgo - Research, including a study in 1997 in the Journal of the American Medical Association. shows that ginkgo helps alleviate symptoms associated with  cognitive disorders, such as memory loss, dementia and Alzheimer's disease.
Drug Interactions - Do not mix ginkgo with anticoagulants such as aspirin, Coumadin and Ticlid since the combination may thin blood and increase the risk of bleeding. 

Patients who are taking MAO inhibitors, primarily use to treat depression, including Nardil and Parnate, should check with their physicians before taking ginkgo.

Goldenseal - Goldenseal is an herb with antibiotic properties that is taken alone or in combination with other herbs.  It is used to treat strep, sinus infections and other cold and flulike symptoms.
Drug Interactions - Do not take goldenseal with anitclotting drugs such as Coumadin and heparin as the effectiveness of the medications may be decreased.
Valerian - The herb is used as a sleep aid and to treat mild anxiety.
Drug Interactions - Do not take valerian with antianxiety pills such as Valium and Xanax, or anti-depressants such as Elavil, as the sedative effects may increase.

Also, don't take valerian, or any other sedative herb, with anti-allergy drugs such as Benadryl or Vistaril because the drowsiness that sometimes accompanies antihistamine use may be compounded.

Kava Kava - This herb is used to reduce anxiety and nervousness.
Drug Interactions - Do not mix kava kava with St. John's Wort, any anxiety medications such as Valium and Xanax, or anti-depression medications such as Prozac, as its effects may increase.

Avoid kava kava if you have a family history of stroke, or are taking medicine for blood pressure, heart disease or diabetes.

Do not mix kava kava with alcohol.

St. John's Wort - There have been numerous trials, summarized in the Lancet, that cite St. John's Wort efficacy in treating mild to moderate depression and mood swings.
Drug Interactions - Do not mix take St. John's Wort with medications causing photosensitivity such as the antibiotic tetracycline, because the herb may cause this.

Avoid St. John's Wort when on prescription serotonin-altering antidepressants such as Prozac and Zoloft, MAO inhibitors such as Nardil and Parnate, and the herb kava kava as their effects may increase.

Several British studies warn that people taking anticonvulsants and St. John's Wort should stop taking the herb and contact their physician.  The herb may interfere with the action of these medications, and dosages may need adjustment.

St John's Wort has been found to reduce the effectiveness of birth control pills and HIV treatment medication.

St John's Wort also reduces the effectiveness of the asthma medication theophylline sold under the brand names of Slo-Bid, Theo-Dur, Theolair and Elixophyllin.

Ginseng - This herb is used to increase stamina and boost energy.
Drug Interactions: - Because ginseng may thin the blood. do not take it with any heart, blood pressure or diabetic medications, as their effects may be complicated.

Avoid the herb if you are taking any MAO inhibitors because it could result in mania.  Studies also show that the herb may cause irritability if mixed with caffeine.

Ma Huang - This herb is used to treat conditions from asthma to nasal congestion to the common cold.  The active ingredient in Ma huang (which is the Chinese herbal version of ephedra) is ephedrine, available in most over-the-counter nasal decongestion products and in some weight-loss supplements.
Drug Interactions: Do not take Ma huang with blood pressure medications because the herb can raise blood pressure and accelerate heart rate.

Don't take Ma huang with diabetes medications because the herb interferes with regulation of blood sugar levels.

Avoid Ma huang when on MAO inhibitors such as Nardil and Parnate because the combination dangerously elevates blood pressure.

Do not take Ma huang with the heart medication Lanoxin because serious disruption of heart rhythm can occur.

Feverfew - Feverfew is used for the prevention of migraines
Drug Interactions:  Do Not take feverfew either before or immediately after surgery as feverfew may cause serious abnormal bleeding.
Licorice - This herb is used to treat colds, respiratory infections, flulike symptoms, ulcers and symptoms of menopause.
Drug Interactions:  Do not take licorice if you are taking diabetes medications as the herb may interfere with the regulation of blood sugar levels.

Licorice depletes potassium in the body, and severe potassium loss increases the risk of heart rhythm irregularities, especially in patients on the heart medication Lanoxin.  Do not combine licorice with the diuretics Lasix, Hygroten, Lozol or Bumex because potassium loss can be dangerously accelerated.

Licorice can reduce thyroid gland activity so it may alter the required dose of thyroid-stablizing drugs such as Synthroid, Levothroid and levoxyl.

Do not take licorice with blood pressure medications including Adalat, Vasotec and Minizide as the medications' effect could be lessened.

Women who take oral contraception's may be particularly susceptible to high blood pressure, fluid retention, and potassium loss when taking licorice.

It is inadvisable for those with kidney or gallbladder problems or cirrhosis to take licorice.

Saw Palmetto - This herb treats benign prostrate problems - including frequent or restricted urinary flow, especially at night.
Drug Interactions:  Do not treat prostrate symptoms with any herb before receiving medical clearance.

Men already taking Proscar should avoid saw palmetto, because they act in a similar manner and the combination could result in overdose.

Women taking female hormones for contraception or hormone replacement therapy should not take saw palmetto, as its berries have estrogenic and anti-estrogenic activity.

Psyllium - This herb, used as a laxative to treat constipation, is the main ingredient in Metamucil, Serutan and Fiberall.  Psyllium is also used to treat diarrhea and high cholesterol.
Drug Interactions:  Because psyllium can block the digestive track if not used with adequate liquid, it can cause severe gas and stomach discomfort and interfere with the absorption of iron, calcium, zinc, and vitamin B12 and medications including the anti-coagulant Coumadin, the heart medication Lanoxin, Tegretol (used to treat seizure disorders) and lithium (used to treat manic depression).

Do not take psyllium with over-the-counter or prescription laxative medications, as their effects may be increased.

Evening Primrose Oil - The seeds of this flower contain oils rich in an essential fatty acid called gamma-linolenic acids (GLA).  The oil is used to treat skin conditions such as dry skin and eczema.

Shown to be effective anti-inflammatory, the oil is also used to alleviate rheumatoid arthritis.  It's used to alleviate PMS, too.

Drug Interactions:  Evening primrose oil should not be consumed by those suffering from psychotic disorders and taking phenothiazine drugs such as Mellaril. Stelazine and Thorazine because the combination may increase the risk of seizures.

Do not take evening primrose oil with antidepressants such as Wellbutin, as this combination also may increase seizure risk.

Black Cohosh - Because Black Cohosh contains estrogen-like compounds, it is used to treat menopausal symptoms, such as hot flashes, and menstrual symptoms such as headaches, water retention and PMS.
Drug Interactions:  It is advised not to mix black cohosh with standard hormone replacement therapies because they act in a similar manner and may complicate each other's effects.
Home - Health Tips - Prescription Drug Safety - Health Alert
Herbal Solutions - Hidden Passions - Breast Self-Exam
Mammograms - Varicose Veins - Menopause
Chronic Depression - Sleep - Fibromyalgia
By:  LindaCarol Cherken
In Family Circle
September 12, 2000